Most people are aware of the damage ultraviolet (UV) rays can cause to their skin, but far fewer realize how harmful these invisible rays can be to their eyes. Prolonged exposure to UV radiation, whether on sunny days or even when it’s cloudy, can lead to serious eye problems over time. Understanding the risks and how to protect your eyes is crucial for maintaining long-term eye health.

How UV Rays Affect Your Eyes

UV rays are a form of radiation emitted by the sun, and there are two main types that reach the earth’s surface: UVA and UVB. Both can cause significant damage to the eyes, sometimes resulting in conditions that can threaten your vision:
 

• Photokeratitis: Sometimes referred to as “sunburn of the eye,” photokeratitis is a painful condition that results from intense, short-term exposure to UVB rays. It can cause redness, tearing, sensitivity to light, and a gritty feeling in the eyes.

• Cataracts: Long-term exposure to UV rays has been linked to the development of cataracts; a clouding of the eye’s natural lens that can blur vision and eventually require surgery.

• Macular Degeneration: UV exposure can also increase the risk of macular degeneration, a leading cause of vision loss in older adults.

• Pinguecula and Pterygium: These are growths on the white of the eye that can cause discomfort and affect vision, often related to chronic sun exposure.

• Skin Cancer Around the Eyes: The skin around the eyelids is extremely sensitive to UV light and at risk for skin cancers, including basal cell carcinoma and melanoma.

Protecting Your Eyes with Quality Sunglasses

Not all sunglasses are created equal. When it comes to protecting your eyes from UV rays, the quality of your sunglasses is crucial. Sunglasses that do not offer proper protection can actually cause more harm than good, as they allow your pupils to dilate, which lets in even more harmful rays.
 

For effective protection, look for sunglasses that clearly state they block 100% of both UVA and UVB rays. This level of protection is essential to safeguard your eyes from the sun’s damaging effects.
 

Additionally, pay attention to the fit and coverage of your sunglasses. Sunglasses that fit close to your face and fully cover your eyes are best, as they minimize the amount of UV light that can reach your eyes from the sides. Wraparound styles are particularly effective for providing comprehensive protection.

Types of Lenses for Maximum Protection

When selecting sunglasses, consider the different types of lenses available for added safety and comfort:
 

• Polycarbonate Lenses: These are lightweight, impact-resistant, and offer built-in UV protection.

• Photochromic Lenses: Also known as transition lenses, these darken in response to sunlight and provide UV protection both indoors and out.

• Prescription Sunglasses: If you wear corrective lenses, prescription sunglasses ensure you get the UV protection you need without compromising your vision.

• Polarized Lenses: These lenses make activities like driving or being near water more comfortable by reducing glare. 

The Importance of Regular Eye Exams

Wearing high-quality sunglasses is just one part of comprehensive eye care. Regular eye exams are essential for detecting early signs of sun-related damage and other eye conditions. Your optometrist can monitor your eye health, offer personalized advice on UV protection, and help you select the best lenses for your lifestyle.
 

Safeguard Your Vision at Palo Alto Eyes Optometry

UV rays can have a serious impact on your eye health if you don’t take the proper precautions. By investing in high-quality sunglasses, choosing the right lenses, and scheduling regular eye exams, you can protect your vision for years to come.
 

Schedule a comprehensive eye exam with Palo Alto Eyes Optometry for expert advice on finding the right sunglasses for your needs. Visit our office in Palo Alto, California, or call (650) 321-2015 to book an appointment today.